Aluminum doesn’t solder well, and that’s because of the oxide layer that rapidly forms on the surface. [Ted]’s solution is to scour the aluminum with some mineral oil. The goal is to scrape ...

In late 2020, other researchers at the Incheon National University built a kesterite solar cell based on a zinc tin oxide (ZTO) buffer layer. The world record for such cells is 12.6%, achieved by ...

Aluminum naturally forms an oxide layer on its surface when exposed to air. Anodizing in an electrolytic cell creates a thicker oxide layer that makes the part more resistant to corrosion and wear.

All aluminum is coated with a surface oxide, and until now we did not know what the structure of this native oxide layer on ...

In 2022, 18.7 tons of aluminum oxide nanoparticles were released into ... was producing a massive hole in the ozone layer. A 1987 ban on CFCs helped slow the process, and by 2013, authorities ...

When sodium is cut or scratched, its freshly exposed shiny surface rapidly turns dull as a thin layer of sodium oxide forms: Other metals may oxidise more slowly. Gold and other very unreactive ...